Wednesday July 1- Animal Science- Aquaculture

Fish
Egg (36-48h) --> Larvae (48h-38d) --> Fry --> Marketable Sub-Adult --> Spawners (2-4y)

Precocial- born with enough energy to get up and go; just like birds. From yolk.

Transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding.

It is physically hard to feed a larvae. Their mouths are too small. There is a big industry raising rotifers.

Sturgeon can take up to 30 years to reach sexual maturity.
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Mollusks
Egg (0-24h) --> Veliger (1-6d) --> Later Veliger (7-14d) --> Eyed Veliger (14-21d) --> Young Spat (21d, once settled it develops a shell) --> Adult (1-3y)

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Crustaceans

from top center clockwise:
egg (0-14hrs)
protozoa (48h-8d)
mysis (8d-12d)
postlarvae (12d-45d)
juvenile (45d-120d)
reproductive adult (1-2yrs)















There is the debate that crustaceans are simply harvested and never actually "belong" to anyone, so are they really AqC.

Life Stage Rearing Stage
Brood Stock domestication
Eggs hatchery
Larvae hatchery
Post-larvae/juvenile nursery
Juvenile/adult grow out

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THE UNDERWATER ENVIRONMENT

Sunlight --------------------Waste from man & natural inputs
\/ ------ \/
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Algae, O2, FISH
Feed, NH3,
pH, Salts, Deposition & detritus,
Fecal Solids, CO2


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Kidneys regulate water.
Osmosis of fluids is the reason freshwater fish can't go in salt water & vice versa.

There is very little oxygen in water.
Parasites attach to the gills because that is the soft area of the fish.
Airstones don't oxygenate the water; they blow off the CO2.

Biological

crowding, handling
transportation
therapy (disease treatment)
bacteria (BOC, FC)
Plankton (chlorophyll)

Chemical
salinity, hardness, conductivity, pH, alkalinity
oxygen, CO2, dissolved gas, supersaturation, H2S, chlorine
ammonia, nitrate, nitrites
nitrogen, phosphorous

Physical
temperature
flow regime
water level
TSS/clarity
light
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Closed systems (where the water is recirculated) are 2x more costly than open systems.
Pond- catfish $.71
Recycled- tilapia $1.48

Common AqC species
channel catfish
tilapia
koi/carp (only a handful of domesticated species)
pearls
algae
shrimp